apoe knockout mice apoe  (Charles River Laboratories)

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Microsurgical Isolation and Molecular Characterization of the Mouse Left Internal Mammary Artery: Insights into Natural Resistance to Atherosclerosis

doi: 10.64898/2026.01.08.698440

Figure Lengend Snippet: The mouse was anesthetized using CO2 in an induction chamber until the absence of pedal reflex was confirmed. Dissection was performed under aseptic conditions. Upper panel shows (A, B, C, D, E, F) (from left to right), the mouse was positioned supine on a dissection board and secured with colored tab through the limbs. An incision was made through the abdominal skin using sterile scissors, starting from the lower abdomen and extending to the thoracic cavity. The skin was gently retracted laterally to expose the abdominal wall muscles. Lower panel shows (G, H, I, J, K, L) (from left to right), an incision was made below the xiphoid process (subxiphoid incision) and then cuts through the diaphragm muscle to access the thoracic cavity of Apoe-/-. The diaphragm was carefully incised to access the thoracic cavity, revealing the organs including heart and lungs Dissection of the internal thoracic cavity to expose LIMA. (B) To visualize and isolate LIMA and RIMA, the inner wall of thoracic cavity was carefully dissected, and image was taken with high resolution camera to show LIMA and RIMA. (C) Both LIMA (black arrow) and RIMA (white arrow) run along the inner surface of the anterior chest wall, and both are running parallel to the sternum (yellow star), along the posterior surface of the thoracic wall behind the sternal ends of the costal cartilages. (D) Notably, LIMA is not adherent to the thoracic wall immediately upon branching from the subclavian artery, allowing for easier removal of surrounding fascia and connective tissue through this natural plane of separation. (E) The internal thoracic wall of Apoe-/- mouse post-dissection and prior to perfusion showing LIMA and RIMA originate from subclavian arteries that are branching off the aortic arch. (F) Following dissection and removal of the heart to expose the aortic arch and its three major arteries coming form the aorta shows that LIMA and RIMA originate form left subclavian artery and right subclavian artery, respectively. (G) Closer examination reveals that LIMA (right black arrow) and RIMA (left black arrow) branches off from the inferior aspect of the left subclavian artery (right yellow arrow) and the right subclavian artery (left yellow arrow) and then both are descending along the anterior chest wall. (H) Pulling out LIMA confirms anatomical attachment to subclavian artery.

Article Snippet: Homozygous Apoe-knockout (Apoe-/-) mice were bought from Jackson lab.

Techniques: Dissection, Sterility, Muscles

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Microsurgical Isolation and Molecular Characterization of the Mouse Left Internal Mammary Artery: Insights into Natural Resistance to Atherosclerosis

doi: 10.64898/2026.01.08.698440

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Isolated RIMA and LIMA before fat removal. (B) LIMA and RIMA after the removal of perivascular adipose tissue. (C) Aorta from apoe-/- mouse showing plaque build ups in the arch and branched arteries Characterization of LIMA. (D) Analysis of 4 LIMA and 4 aorta samples based on normalized expression values of 1541 genes. Hierarchical clustering shows the Pearson rank correlation between all samples. (E) Principal component analysis (PCA) plot showing the distribution of LIMA and aorta sample groups. (F) Heatmap showing z-scores for arterial gene modules across aorta (blue) and LIMA (red) samples. (G) Comparison of the read counts of arterial genes in aorta and LIMA of mice.

Article Snippet: Homozygous Apoe-knockout (Apoe-/-) mice were bought from Jackson lab.

Techniques: Isolation, Expressing, Comparison

Journal: Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis

Article Title: Tigloylgomisin P Inhibits Endothelial Inflammation by Regulating the NF-κB and Smad1/5/9 Pathways

doi: 10.12997/jla.2026.15.1.173

Figure Lengend Snippet: ApoE, apolipoprotein E; KO, knockout; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1. * Indicates p <0.05 Student’s t -test. Scale bar indicates 50 µm.

Article Snippet: Eight-week-old male apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout mice (The Jackson Laboratory), maintained on normal chow, were intraperitoneally injected with tigloylgomisin P at 5 mg/kg, dissolved in DMSO/corn oil (total injection volume 200 μL, consisting of 12.1 μL of the compound in DMSO and 187.9 μL of the corn oil).

Techniques: Knock-Out

Journal: International Journal of Cardiology. Heart & Vasculature

Article Title: Cardamonin attenuates angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysms through activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway

doi: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2025.101815

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cardamonin ameliorates angiotensin II (AngII)-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout (KO) mice. ApoE-KO mice that were implanted with AngII (1,000 ng/kg/min)-loaded minipumps were treated with either vehicle or cardamonin (20 mg/kg/day) by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. (A) Representative images of the suprarenal segment of the aorta. (B) External diameters of the aorta. (C) Incidence of AAA; (D) Survival curve. The data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) (n = 20). Statistical significance is indicated as *p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Male apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE KO) mice on a C57BL/6J background were obtained from the Jackson Laboratory and maintained on 12-hr/12-hr light/dark cycles.

Techniques: Knock-Out, Injection, Standard Deviation

Journal: International Journal of Cardiology. Heart & Vasculature

Article Title: Cardamonin attenuates angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysms through activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway

doi: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2025.101815

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cardamonin attenuates angiotensin II (AngII)-induced elastic degradation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout (KO) mice that were implanted with AngII (1,000 ng/kg/min)-loaded minipumps were treated with either vehicle or cardamonin (20 mg/kg/day) by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. (A) Elastin degradation grading of the aorta via Verhoeff–van Gieson (VVG) staining. (B) ROS levels determined by 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) and dihydroethidium (DHE) staining. (C) Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the serum. (D) NADPH oxidase-1 (NOX1), MMP, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein expression measured by immunoblotting. The data were quantified via normalization to β-actin (n = 5). The data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD). Statistical significance is indicated as *p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Male apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE KO) mice on a C57BL/6J background were obtained from the Jackson Laboratory and maintained on 12-hr/12-hr light/dark cycles.

Techniques: Expressing, Knock-Out, Injection, Staining, Activity Assay, Western Blot, Standard Deviation